Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine RSS feed: Current Issue. http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine1055-937X144October 2005 © 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000836/abstract?rss=yesSubscriber information10.1053/S1055-937X(05)00083-6Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3iihttp://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X0500085X/abstract?rss=yesEditorial board10.1053/S1055-937X(05)00085-XSeminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3iiiiiihttp://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000873/abstract?rss=yesTable of contents10.1053/S1055-937X(05)00087-3Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3vvhttp://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000691/abstract?rss=yesIt is my pleasure to present the articles in this issue of Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine. This issue is devoted to providing the readership with an update on avian, small mammal, and reptilian anesthesia and analgesia. The surge in interest in pain management in veterinary medicine, particularly in dogs and cats, has provided the impetus for developing interest in this area in avian and exotic pet medicine.EditorialGlenn R. Pettifer10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.001Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3225225http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000708/abstract?rss=yesAvian & Exotic News10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.002Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3226228http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X0500071X/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Pet rabbits and ferrets are increasingly presented to veterinarians, and new demands are placed on veterinarians to manage pain in these species. Relatively little data exist regarding the efficacy of analgesics in these animals. Rabbits and ferrets exhibit different behavioral and physiological responses to pain, and an understanding of the normal behavior of these species is critical to pain assessment. Although acute pain is relatively easy to identify, signs of chronic pain may be more subtle. Occasionally, simple husbandry corrections can help alleviate painful chronic conditions. The prevention of pain by minimizing tissue trauma with a gentle surgical technique and preemptive analgesia is critical when dealing with rabbits and ferrets in the clinical setting. Many of the same analgesic techniques and drugs used in dogs and cats can be extrapolated to rabbits and ferrets, though some of the drugs have specific indications and contraindications. Discussions of the clinical use of opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics, ketamine, and tramadol in rabbits and ferrets are presented. Reference to the current literature is made where possible. In addition, insights gained from the author’s experience with the clinical use of these drugs in rabbits and ferrets are presented. Clinical Approaches to Analgesia in Ferrets and RabbitsMatthew S. Johnston10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.003Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Topics in medicine and surgery229235http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000721/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Avian pain is likely analogous to pain experienced by most mammals. Approach to pain management for the avian patient involves considering the duration, type, and extent of injury along with physical, environmental, and behavioral management. Invasive, painful procedures should always be accompanied by appropriate analgesia and anesthesia. Although pain management in birds is in its infancy, research and clinical studies demonstrate benefit for use of opioids, steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as other analgesics such as α2-agonists, ketamine, and local anesthetics. Ongoing assessment of pain and analgesic efficacy is extremely important, because the dosage and choice of analgesic may vary widely between species. Avian AnalgesiaKaren L. Machin10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.004Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Topics in medicine and surgery236242http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000733/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Reptiles are a diverse, complex group of animals that present unique challenges to the practitioner delivering anesthetic and analgesic care. A review of the current literature addressing the physiology and anatomy pertinent to the administration of anesthesia and analgesia to a wide variety of reptiles is presented in this article. Current clinical techniques in sedation and analgesia, the induction and maintenance of anesthesia, perianesthetic support, and monitoring are discussed. Anesthesia and Analgesia in ReptilesCraig A.E. Mosley10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.005Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Topics in medicine and surgery243262http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000745/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Birds often require anesthesia for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The provision of anesthesia with a low risk of complications is, in part, associated with a working knowledge of avian cardiopulmonary physiology. Inhalant anesthesia remains the technique of choice for anesthesia of birds. Anesthetic drugs and techniques, including air sac cannulation and intraosseous catheterization, for pet birds (psittacines and passerines) are covered in this review. Current Techniques in Avian AnesthesiaConny Gunkel, Maud Lafortune10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.006Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Topics in medicine and surgery263276http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000757/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Monitoring the depth of anesthesia is one of the most challenging tasks during anesthesia of exotic pets. Although there are many tools for monitoring mammalian species, these are sometimes not as reliable in the exotic animal. In addition, there is a lack of normal values or references for many of these tools. This article will concentrate on the essentials of monitoring exotic animals during anesthesia with emphasis on practical applications for clinical practice. Thermoregulation and monitoring of reflexes and cardiovascular and respiratory parameters are discussed. A discussion of the equipment available for monitoring is presented. Monitoring During Avian and Exotic Pet AnesthesiaJavier G. Nevarez10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.011Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Topics in medicine and surgery277283http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000769/abstract?rss=yesTramadol is an opioid that has been used for the past two decades to manage pain in humans. This drug is a synthetic analog of codeine and is not currently classified as a controlled substance. Tramadol follows a two-compartment model with one distribution phase and one elimination phase. The first mode of tramadol anesthesia is as an opioid that has moderate affinity at mu (μ) receptors and weaker affinity for delta (δ) and kappa (κ) receptors. The second way tramadol inhibits pain is via the drug’s influence on the descending pain inhibitory systems. Tramadol influences these systems by preventing reuptake and enhancing the release of serotonin and norepinephrine. Both of these neurotransmitters inhibit the transmission of painful stimuli. The dose required to inhibit neurotransmitter reuptake and cause opioid receptor analgesia is the same.TramadolDebbie Myers10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.010Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Therapeutic review284287http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000770/abstract?rss=yes Cadbury, a 1-year-old domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) weighing 2.3 kg, was presented with a 1-month history of facial alopecia and “skin sloughing.” The rabbit was maintained in a greenhouse located behind the owner’s residence and was allowed free roam of the facility.Diagnostic ChallengeThomas N. Tully10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.009Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Diagnostic challenge288290http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000782/abstract?rss=yesThis 87-page volume represents a new and innovative effort from the National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association: the periodic publication of a journal aimed at improving the information available to veterinarians involved in the medicine and rehabilitation of native wildlife.Literature ReviewMark Pokras10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.008Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3Literature review291292http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ysaep/article/PIIS1055937X05000794/abstract?rss=yesAbstracts10.1053/j.saep.2005.09.007Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 14, 4 (2005)2005-10-01Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine2005-10-01144S1055-937X(05)X0009-3292294